Who should be cautious when consuming honey?

 Honey is widely celebrated for its health benefits, including providing natural energy, supporting heart and digestive health, soothing sore throats, and promoting healthy skin and hair. However, certain individuals should avoid or consume honey with caution due to potential health risks.

Dr. Tran Thi Tra Phuong, from the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Tam Anh General Hospital in Hanoi, emphasizes that while honey is rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and natural enzymes, it is not suitable for everyone.



1. Infants Under One Year Old

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advise against giving honey to children under 12 months. Honey can contain spores of Clostridium botulinum, which an infant's underdeveloped digestive system cannot neutralize. If these spores become active in the gut, they can produce toxins causing botulism, a potentially life-threatening condition that may lead to respiratory failure or muscle paralysis.

2. People with Diabetes

A single tablespoon of honey (≈21 grams) contains 64 calories and 17.3 grams of sugar. For individuals with diabetes, excessive consumption can cause blood sugar spikes and interfere with glucose control. Dr. Phuong recommends consulting a healthcare provider before including honey in the diet.

3. Individuals with Allergies

Those allergic to pollen, propolis, or bee stings may also react to honey. Allergic reactions can range from mild symptoms—such as itching, hives, or swelling—to severe anaphylaxis. Individuals with known allergies should avoid honey and carefully check labels to prevent accidental exposure.

4. People with Low Blood Pressure

Honey's high potassium content can dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure. Individuals with hypotension or those taking antihypertensive medication should consume honey cautiously.

5. Individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Honey contains high levels of fructose, which may trigger bowel movements. For people with IBS, excessive intake can worsen bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort.

6. People with Liver Disease

Honey is metabolized by the liver, and its sugar content may place extra strain on individuals with liver conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moderate consumption is advised.

7. People with Obesity or Weight Management Concerns

Although often considered a healthier sugar alternative, honey is high in calories and sugar, which can contribute to weight gain. Overconsumption may also stimulate appetite, making it harder to maintain a balanced diet.

8. Post-Surgery Patients

Honey can slow blood clotting. Patients recovering from surgery should consult a doctor before consuming honey.

9. Individuals Taking Medications

Honey may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, antiepileptic drugs, antibiotics, cardiovascular medications, and diabetes medications, potentially reducing effectiveness or increasing side effects.

Tips for Safe Consumption

  • Consume honey in moderation, keeping added or natural sugars below 10% of total daily caloric intake.

  • Prefer raw honey and avoid mixing it with boiling water, which can destroy beneficial enzymes.

  • Avoid combining honey with soy-based products or seafood, as biochemical reactions may irritate the digestive system.

Summary

Honey offers numerous health benefits but is not universally safe. Infants, people with diabetes, low blood pressure, allergies, liver conditions, obesity, or post-surgery status should exercise caution. Consulting a healthcare provider ensures that honey can be safely incorporated into the diet while maximizing its nutritional benefits.

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